Research
by R. Gilbert, graduate students and post-doctoral fellows:
1. Assessment
of the sedimentary environments and (paleo)environmental record of high arctic
lakes and fiords in Canada
and Greenland.
Lakes and fiords contain in their sediments an important record of the
modern environment and of environment change.
My work began on fiords 30 years ago, progressed through collaboration
with the Bedford Institute of Oceanography in the 1980s, and extended to
Canadian high arctic fiords33, 37 (numbers refer to the list below)
and lakes6, 9, 24, 25 and fiords of West Greenland11, 26, 39.
The work on Bear Lake,
Devon Island, Nunavut
was carried out by graduate student Ted Lewis and then NSERC PDF Scott
Lamoureux. The work in Greenland was a collaboration
between Niels Nielsen, Christian
Christiansen, their student, Henrik Moller, and colleagues at the Institute
of Geography, University
of Copenhagen, as well as with
Canadian colleagues Joseph Desloges
and Janis Dale.
All this work centred on understanding process to
better apply sediments as proxy20, and on using proxy to reconstruct
environment21. For example,
the relation between large-scale, catastrophic events driven by climate and hydrology,
and the role of a surging glacier in the sedimentology of the fiord which is
unrelated directly to climate23 is important in assessing climatic
vs. non-climatic control of environmental proxy in general. The opportunities
of the Canadian Research Chair in Arctic Science (funded jointly by Foreign
Affairs Canada and the University of Copenhagen)
advanced this work. In 2005 the study
of the impact of the surging glacier on fiord sediments on Disko
Island was continued with a program
to re-core the 2000 sites and to measure the sediment in the water column. I was also privileged to travel to NE
Greenland in 2005 as part of the University
of Copenhagen GEOARC expedition to Sabine
Island where we conducted studies of
archaeology and coastal geomorphology.
Study of subglacial and fluvial erosion marks at
Kangerlussuak, West Greenland, has been carried out
intermittently with
J. A. (Drew) Hyatt, and although not yet published, the preliminary results
were presented at the Binghamton Geomorphology Conference in 2003.
2. Glacial history of the Antarctic
Peninsula and the response to global warming. The
opportunity to participate in the US Antarctic Program since 1997 has allowed
comparisons between very different cold marine and terrestrial environments33.
With colleagues Eugene
Domack (Hamilton College, NY), Amy
Leventer (Colgate University), Stephanie
Brachfeld (Montclair College), Scott
Ishman (Southern Illinois University)
and others, we have documented unique depositional settings27, 35, the
sedimentary processes at the front of calving glaciers4, 15,
the glacial history of the eastern15, 17, 28 and western3, 13
Antarctic Peninsula, and the disintegration of the Larsen Ice Shelf in response
to globally warming climate1, 14, a condition unprecedented in the
Quaternary history of this ice shelf. This has relevance to the occurrence of
Pleistocene ice shelves in Canada
for which there are no current analogues. Queen’s graduate student Åsa Chong
carried out her M.Sc. research using sediment traps in Lallemand Fiord, and
Queen’s PDF Randy Dirszowsky
carried out provenance studies of sediment beneath the former Larsen Ice Shelf.
3. Lacustrine and
glacilacustrine processes and (paleo)environmental assessment. In the
Cordillera, we have shown the relation between varved sediments and the
climatic and hydrologic records that are important in reconstructing past
environments2, 5, 7, 12, 22 and assessing the potential impact of
future environmental change. Aspects of this formed thesis research by David
Mazzucchi, Rich Butler, Scott Barnes, Brandon Bieirle, Sarah Crookshanks, and
Kyle Hodder and post-doctoral research by Erik
Schiefer. I have extended this work to
Pleistocene and modern lakes in eastern Canada10, 18, 30, 36 and to
non-glacial environments in Nepal38 and the United States8, 34.
Studies by, Kyle Hodder, focused on the
role of flocculation in sedimentary processes in freshwater glacial and
non-glacial lakes10, the sediment budget of a vigorous, ice-proximal
glacial lake, and sedimentary processes in several large lakes of the Cordillera,
including Kluane, Muncho and Kusawa lakes, where I am collaborating with Joseph Desloges
(University of Toronto), John Clague
(Simon Fraser University) and Brian Menuonos
(University of Northern British Columbia).
4.
Other research has dealt with wetland processes29, modern19
and Pleistocene32 periglacial environments, and subglacial fluvial
processes31.
This work has been variously supported by NSERC, NSF
(US Antarctic Program), PCSP, Arctic Station Godhavn, and the University
of Copenhagen.
Refereed publications 2008 – 1999
CROOKSHANKS, S., and R. GILBERT. in press. Continuous, diurnally
fluctuating turbidity currents in Kluane Lake, Yukon Territory. Canadian
Journal of Earth Sciences.
GILBERT, R., and S. CROOKSHANKS. 2008. Sediment waves in a modern
high-energy glacilacustrine environment. Sedimentology DOI
10.1111/j.1365.3091.2008.00900.x.
Schiefer, E. and
Gilbert, R. 2007. Proglacial sediment trapping in recently formed Silt Lake,
upper Lillooet Valley, Coast Mountains, British Columbia. Earth Surface
Processes and Landforms.
Hodder, K.R. and
Gilbert, R. 2007. Evidence for flocculation in glacier-fed Lillooet Lake,
British Columbia. Water Research.
Schiefer, E. and
Gilbert, R. 2007. Reconstructing morphometric change in a proglacial landscape
using historical aerial photography and automated DEM generation. Geomorphology.
Hodder, K.R., Gilbert,
R. and Desloges, J.R. 2007. Assessment of varved glacilacustrine sediment as
hydroclimatic proxy. Journal of Paleolimnolgy.
Domack, E., Amblas,
D., Gilbert, R., Brachfeld, S., Camerlenghi, A., Rebesco, M., Canals, M. and Urgeles,
R. 2006. Subglacial morphology and glacial evolution of the Palmer Deep outlet
system, Antarctic Peninsula. Geomorphology, 75: 125-142.
Gilbert, R., Desloges,
J.R., Lamoureux, S.F., Serink, A. and Hodder, K.R. 2006. The geomorphic and
paleoenvironmental record in the sediments of Atlin Lake, northern British
Columbia. Geomorphology, 79: 130-142. PDF file
Clague, J.J., Luckman,
B.H., Dorp, R.D.V., Gilbert, R., Froese, D., Jensen, B.J.L. and Reyes, A.V.
2006. Rapid changes in the level of Kluane Lake, Yukon Territory, over the last
millennium. Quaternary Research, 66: 342-355.
Gilbert, R., Crookshanks, S., Hodder,
K., Spagnol, J., and Stull, R., 2006, The record of an extreme flood in the
sediments of montane Lillooet Lake, British
Columbia:
implications for paleoenvironmental assessment: Journal of
Paleolimnology, v. 37, p. 737-745. PDF
file
Hodder, K. R., Desloges,
J. R., and Gilbert, R., 2006, Pattern and timing of sediment infill at
glacier-fed Mud Lake: implications for Late-Glacial and Holocene
environments in the Monashee Mountain
region of British Columbia, Canada:
The Holocene v 17, p. 705-716.
Gilbert, R., and Desloges,
J.R. 2005. The record of Glacial Lake Champagne in Kusawa
Lake, southwestern Yukon
Territory. Canadian
Journal of Earth Sciences v. 42, p. 2127-2140. PDF file
1. Domack, E., Duran, D., Leventer, A., Ishman, S., Doane, S.,
McCallum, S., Ring, J., Gilbert, R., and Prentice, M., 2005, Stability of the
Larsen B ice shelf on the Antarctic Peninsula during the
Holocene epoch: Nature, v. 436, p. 681-685.
2. Menounos, B., Clague, J.J., Gilbert, R., and Slaymaker, O., 2005,
Environmental reconstruction from a varve network in the southern Coast
Mountains, British Columbia, Canada:
The Holocene, v. 15 p. 1163-1171.
3. Domack, E., Amblas, D., Gilbert, R., Brachfeld, S., Camerlenghi, A.,
Rebesco, M., Canals, M., and Urgeles, R., 2006, Subglacial morphology and
glacial evolution of the Palmer Deep outlet system, Antarctic Peninsula,
Geomorphology, v. 75, p. 125-142.
4. Gilbert, R., Domack, E., Tewkesbury, D. 2004.
Sediment content in Antarctic iceberg fragments sufficient to sink the ice.
Géographie physique et Quaternaire v. 58, p. 147-149.
5. Gilbert, R., Desloges, J.R., Lamoureux,
S.F., Serink, A., and Hodder, K.R., 2006, The
geomorphic and paleoenvironmental record in the sediments of Atlin
Lake, northern British
Columbia: Geomorphology, v. 79, p. 130-142 PDF file
6. Lamoureux,
S., and Gilbert, R., 2005, Physical and chemical properties and proxies of high
latitude lake sediments, in Pienitz, J., Douglas, M.S.V., and Smol,
J.P., eds., Long-Term Environmental Change in Arctic and Antarctic Lakes:
Dordrecht, Springer Academic Publishers, p. 53-87.
7. Gilbert, R., and Butler,
R.D., 2004, The physical limnology and sedimentology of Meziadin
Lake, Northern British
Columbia: Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research, v. 36, p. 33-41.
8. Hyatt, J.A., and Gilbert, R., 2004, Subbottom acoustic and
sedimentary records of past surface water - groundwater exchange through
sinkhole lakes in South Georgia, U.S.
A: Environmental Geology, v. 46, p. 32-46.
9. Lamoureux, S.F., and Gilbert, R.,
2004, A 750-yr record of autumn snowfall and temperature variabiltiy and winter
storminess recorded in the varved sediment of Bear Lake, Devon Island, Arctic
Canada: Quaternary Research, v. 61, p. 134-147.
10. Gilbert, R., and Lamoureux, S.,
2004, Processes affecting deposition of sediment in a small, morphologically
complex lake: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 31, p. 37-48. PDF
file
11. Rasch, M., Nielsen, N., Christiansen, C., Balstrom, T., Gilbert,
R., and Desloges, J., 2003, Role of landscape
parameters in riverine run-off and sediment and organic matter yield on Disko
Island, West Greenland:
Geografisk Tidskrift, Danish Journal of Geography, v. 103, p. 1-11.
12. Mazzucchi, D., Spooner, I.S., Gilbert, R., and Osborn, G., 2003,
Reconstruction of Holocene climate change using multi-proxy analysis of
sediments from Pyramid Lake, British Columbia, Canada: Arctic Antarctic and
Alpine Research, v. 35, p. 520-529. PDF file
13. Brachfeld, S., Domack, E., Kissel,
C., Laj, C., Leventer, A., Ishman, S., Gilbert, R., Camerlenghi, A., and
Eglinton, L.B., 2003, Holocene history of the Larsen-A Ice Shelf constrained by
geomagnetic paleointensity dating: Geology, v. 31, p. 749-752.
14. Domack, E.W., Leventer, A., Rott,
S., Ring, J., Williams, E., Carlson, D., Hirshorn, E., Wright, W., Gilbert, R.,
and Burr, G., 2003, Marine sedimentary record of natural environmental
variability and recent warming in the Antarctic Peninsula, in Domack,
E.W., ed., Antarctic Peninsula Climate Variability. Antarctic Research Series,
Volume 79, American Geophysical Union, p. 205-224. (NSF)
15. Gilbert, R., Chong, Å., Dunbar, R., and Domack, E.W., 2003,
Sediment trap records of glacimarine sedimentation at Muller Ice Shelf,
Lallemand Fjord, Antarctic Peninsula: Arctic,
Antartic and Alpine Research, v. 35, p. 24-33. PDF file
16. Gilbert, R., and Domack, E.W., 2003, The sedimentary record of
disintegrating ice shelves in a warming climate, Antarctic Peninsula:
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 4, p. 1038 doi:1029/2002GC000441. PDF file
17. Gilbert, R., Domack, E., and
Camerlenghi, A., 2003, Glacial history of the Greenpeace Trough: Ice-sheet to
ice shelf transition in the northwestern Weddell Sea:
Antarctic Peninsula Climate Variability: A Historical and Paleoenvironmental
Perspective. American Geophysical Union Antarctic Research Series, v. 79, p.
195-204. PDF
file
18. Gilbert, R., 2003, Spatially irregular sedimentation in a small,
morphologically complex lake: implications for paleoenvironmenal studies:
Journal of Paleolimnolgy, v. 29, p. 209-220. PDF file
19. Hyatt, J.A., Michel, F.A., and Gilbert, R., 2003, Recognition of
subglacial regelation ice near Pangnirtung, Baffin Island, Canada, Proceedings
of the Eighth International Permafrost Conference, Bern Switzerland, Volume 8:
Lisse, A. A. Balkema Publishers, p. 443-448.
20. Gilbert, R., 2003, Lacustrine sedimentation, in Middleton, G.E.,
ed., Encyclopedia of Sedimentology and Sedimentary Rocks, Kluwer Academic
Publishers, p. 404-408. PDF file
21. Gilbert, R., 2003, Varves, in Middleton, G.V., ed., Encyclopedia of
Sedimentology and Sedimentary Rocks, Kluwer Academic Publishers, p. 764-766. PDF file
22. Spooner, I.S., Mazzucchi, D., Osborne, G., Gilbert, R., and
Larocque, I., 2002, A multi-proxy Holocene record of environmental change from
the sediments of Skinny Lake, Iskut Region, northern British Columbia: Journal
of Paleolimnology, v. 28, p. 419-431.
23. Gilbert, R., Nielsen, N., Moller, H., Desloges,
J.R., and Rasch, M., 2002, Glacimarine sedimentation in Kangerdluk (Disko
Fjord), West Greenland, in response to a surging
glacier: Marine Geology, v. 191, p. 1-18. PDF file
24. Lewis, T., Gilbert, R., and Lamoureux,
S.F., 2002, Spatial and temporal changes in sedimentary processes in proglacial
Bear Lake, Devon Island, Nunavut, Canada: Arctic, Antartic and Alpine Research,
v. 34, p. 119-129. PDF file
25. Lamoureux, S.F., Gilbert, R., and
Lewis, T., 2002, Lacustrine sedimentary environments in high arctic proglacial Bear
Lake, Devon
Island, Nunavut, Canada:
Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research, v. 34, p. 130-141.
26. Desloges, J.R., Gilbert, R.,
Nielsen, N., Christiansen, C., Rasch, M., and Ohlenschlager, R., 2002, Holocene
glacimarine sedimentary environments in fiords of Disko Bugt, West
Greenland: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 21, p. 947-963.
27. Camerlenghi, A., Domack, E., Rebesco,
M., Gilbert, R., Ishman, S., Leventer, A., Brachfeld, S., and Drake, A., 2001,
Glacial morphology and post-glacial contourites in northern Prince Gustav
Channel (NW Weddell Sea, Antarctica). Marine Geophysical
Researches, v. 22, p. 417-443.
28. Domack, E., Leventer, A., Gilbert, R., Brachfeld, S., Ishman, S.,
Camerlenghi, A., Graham, K., Carlson, D., and Barkoukis, A., 2001, Cruise
reveals history of Holocene Larsen Ice Shelf: Eos, Transactions, American
Geophysical Union, v. 82, p. 13, 16 –19.
29. Lapen, D.R., Price, J.S., and Gilbert, R., 2000, Soil water storage
dynamics in peatlands with shallow water tables: Canadian Journal of Soil
Science, v. 80, p. 43-52.
30. Hartling, J.W., and Gilbert, R., 2000, Spatial distribution of
surficial sediments in part of the Kingston
basin of northeastern Lake Ontario, Canada:
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 37, p.
901-911.
31. Gilbert, R., 2000, The Devil Lake pothole (Ontario):
Evidence of subglacial fluvial processes: Geographie physique et Quaternaire,
v. 54, p. 245-250.
32. Gilbert, R., 2000, Pleistocene frost-heaved dome in Palaeozic
limestone at Kingston, Ontario,
Canada: Parmafrost and
Periglacial Processes, v. 11, p. 259-265.
33. Gilbert, R., 2000, Environmental assessment from the sedimentary
record of high latitude fiords: Geomorphology, v. 32, p. 295-314.
34. Hyatt, J.A., and Gilbert, R., 1999, Lacustrine sedimentary record
of human-induced gully erosion and land-use change at Providence
Canyon, Georgia,
U.S.A.: Journal
of Paleolimnology.
35. Harris, P.T., Domack, E., Manley,
R.L., Gilbert, R., and Leventer, A., 1999, Andvord Drift: a new type of inner
shelf, glacial-marine deposystem from the Antarctic Peninsula:
Geology 27: 683-686. (NSF)
36. Gilbert, R., 1999, Calculated wave base in relation to the observed
patterns of sediment deoposition in northeastern Lake
Ontario: Journal of Great Lakes
Research, v. 25, p. 883-891.
37. Gilbert, R., and Aitken, A.E.,
1999, Preliminary results on the Quaternary sedimentary environment and benthos
of part of Canon Fiord, Fosheim Peninsula,
Ellesmere Island: Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin,
v. 529, p. 197-205.
38. Ross, J.,
and Gilbert, R. 1999. Lacustrine sedimentation in a monsoon environment, the
record from Phewa Tal, Middle Mountain
region of Nepal.
Geomorphology, 27: 307-323.
Non-refereed contributions 1999-2008
Gilbert, R. 2007. Quaternary
Environments of Southeastern Ontario. Field trip guide book. CanQua Ottawa
2007.
39. Nielsen, N. and Gilbert, R. 2006. Fjorden på Vestdisko. In: Arktisk
Station - 1906-2006 (Eds L. Bruun, R.M. Kristensen, N. Nielsen, G.K.
Pedersen and P.M. Pedersen), pp. 208-213. ScanPress Grafisk, Sangill Grafisk
Production, Forlagshuset Nordens Grafiska, Copenhagen.
40. Gilbert,
R. 1999. Subaquatic acoustic techniques. In: "A Handbook of Geophysical
Techniques for Geomorphic and Environmental Research", Gilbert, R.,
(compiler). Geological Survey of Canada
Open File 3731. pp. 103‑125
This list does
not include, papers published before more than six years ago, conference
presentations with published abstract only book reviews, reports of research,
etc.
updated
November 2008